Flying machine



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J y 1931- J. DE" J. SANTOS 1,816,616 s FLYING MACHINE Filed Aug; 4.3, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I /Zara Ja sus m 244. ALriUNAU 1 we p a July 28, .1931. J. DE J. SANTOS 1,816,616

FLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 15, 1930 s Sheets-Sheet 2 rmlvrok B EJdAS' Sana:

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FLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 13, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR .Jizarz cleksus'izafis i a I W. H.

Patented July 28, 1931 TE T" OFFICE JUAN DE JESUS SANTOS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FLYING MACHINE This invention relates to new and useful improvements in a flying machine.

The invention has for an object the provision of a device of the class mentioned which is of simple durable construction, dependable in use and efficient in action, and which can be manufactured and sold at a reasonable cost.

The invention proposes a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder section, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this disclosure 2-- Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a device constructed according to this inven tion.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 1, but with the rudders in a horizontal position and with the parachute in an opened position.

Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of Fig. 3 with the rudders in a vertical position and the parachute closed.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary enlarged detailed view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detailed fragmentary view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary detailed view taken on the line 88 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a detailed schematic view of a portion of Fig. 4.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but showing the rudder in an inverted position.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line 1111 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on the line 1212 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 13-13 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 1414 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary enlarged detailed view taken on the line l515 of Fig. 4.

The flying machine comprises a body 10 with a motor driven propeller 11 and alanding gear 13, a plurality of main wings 14 pivotally mounted on the said body 10, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings 14 to various tilts, a rudder of two sections 15 and 16, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections 15 and 16 in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections 15 and 16, a pivoted strip 17 urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake 17 in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute 18 for use in an emergency, and means for holding the parachute 18 collapsed.

The body 10 is of any conventional design. It is constructed thin at the rear and large at the front. Within the body, a vertical partition 10 and horizontal partition 10 divide the interior into a cabin 10, and a rear portion for mechanical means to work the rudder sections 15 and 16 and the brake 17. A door 19 permits people to enter and leave the cabin 10. This door is hinged in the front portion of the body 10. A top hinge portion 20 permits access to the rear portion of the body 10 where the pulleys and gears are situated for the working of the rudder sections and brake. Repairs may be made through this hinged portion. The landing gear consists of a bracket 21 securely mounted on the front portion of the body 10, and wheels 22 pivotally mounted upon the bracket. A wheel 23 is mounted on the rear portion of the body 10 to act as a tail skid.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that there are four main wings. The main wings 14 project from the front portion of the body 10 and extend at right angles to the long axis of the body 10. The inner portions of the wings 14 are mounted upon triangular brackets 36. The triangular brackets 36 are pivotally mounted upon the body 10. The wings 14 are bent and curved, and have vanes and ridges 14 so as to resemble the wings of a dragon fly. Figs. 11 and 12 show cross sections of these wings, illustrating how they may be curved and bent. The rear portions 14 of the wings are flexible.

The means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings 14 to various tilts, comprises a control lever 24 fixed on a spindle 25 which is pivotally mounted in a block 26 on partition 10". A catch 27 engages with a notched arcuate bar 28 for means for keeping the said lever 24 in a fixed position. A rod 29 is connected to two radial arms 30 and 31. The radial arm 30 is fixed to spindle 25. The radial arm 31 is pivotally mounted upon a block 32 on partition 10 The links 33 connect the radial arms 30 and 31 to a lever 34 which is pivotally mounted intermediate of its ends upon the said partitions. The free end of the lever 34 is pivotally connected to a link 35 intermediate of its ends. The ends of the link 35 are pivotally connected to the triangular brackets 36. By the motion of the control lever 24 and by subsequent motion of the other levers and links the tilt of the wings 14 may be changed and fixed in any changed position by the catch 27.

Each section 15 and 16 of the rudder is pivotally mounted on a U shaped bracket 38. Springs 37 acting between the bracket 38 and the sections of the rudder normally urge the sections into a rearward extended position. Each section is curved and ribbed to resemble the shape of the wings of a dragon fly, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 5. The means for simultaneously turning the said rudder sections 15 and 16 in various directions comprise rods 38 rotatively mounted intermediate of its ends in body 10 and having attached at their outer ends the brackets 38 of the rudder. The other ends of the rods 38 connect with pinions 39 which are pivotally mounted on the vertical partition. A slide 40 on the said partition 10 is slidably mounted and has rack teeth 40 on its sides. The rack teeth of the slide 40 engage with the pinions 39. Another rack 41 projecting from the slide 40 engages with another pinion 42. A shaft 43 is solidly mounted to the pinion 42 and extends towards the front of the body 10. A bevel gear 44 is solidly mounted upon the other end of the rod 43. A beveled arcuate rack 45 engages with the bevel gear 44 and is coaxially mounted on the pivot of a control lever 46 which is pivotally mounted upon the block 32. A catch 27 similar to that on the control lever 24 is also on the control lever 46. With the motion of control lever 46, the beveled rack 45 turns the bevel gear 44, which revolves the gear 42 by means of the rod 43. The rack 41 is thus moved and the slidable plate 40 is therefore moved. The pinions 39 revolve, causing the shafts 38 to revolve simultaneously and the sections 15 and 16 of the rudder also revolve simultaneously.

The means for selectively moving said rudder sections includes lugs 47 projecting from the sections 15 and 16. Cables 48 by means of idlers are brought into the cabin. Pedals 49 are slidably mounted in the horizontal partition of the cabin. At the end of the pedals 49 there are idler wheels 50, the cables 48 being attached at the ends to the horizontal partition and the wheels 50 of the pedals 49 engage the cables 48 so as to be capable of drawing them taut. In Figs. 9 and 10 this is clearly illustrated. In Fig. 9 note the position of control lever 46 and the corresponding upward position of the rudder sections. Also note upon depression of the pedals 49 the sections move upward. In Fig. 10 note the position of the lever 46 and note the corresponding downward position of the rudder sections. The depression of the pedals 49 then causes the rudder sections to move downward.

The pivoted strip 17 is so arranged that when it is forced downward the lower end digs into the ground and thus acts as a brake. A coaxial spring 51 acts to continually urge the pivoted strip 17 downward. The means for releasably holding said brake 17 in any inoperative condition comprises a yoke 52, the shape of which is clearly illustrated in Fig. 15. The yoke 52 is pivoted at its ends 53 and 54. The center portion 55 engages the pivoted strip 17 so as to prevent it from being urged downwards by the coaxial spring 51. A cable 56 by means of idlers is brought into the cabin. The end is tied onto the hook 57. When the cable 56 is drawn it lifts the yoke 52 and thus releases the pivoted strip 17 which is then urged downward by the spring 51. digging into the ground and acting as a brake. Fig. 4 illustrates a complete assembly of this means for releasably holding said brake in any inoperative condition.

The automatic expandible parachute for use in an emergency, comprises a series of pivoted ribs 58 and springs 58 for normally urging these ribs downward. Cloth 59 covers these ribs forming a large closure. Doors 60 cover the parachute when it is in a closed position. A finger 61 prevents the springs from forcing the parachute open. A catch 62 upon the rod 63 which extends into the cabin acts to lock the finger 61 over the doors and to keep them closed and prevent the parachute from opening. In an emergency, if rod 63 is turned, the catch 62 is released and the springs force the finger 61 back, force the doors 60 open, and force the ribs outward, opening the parachute. Fig. 3 illustrates the parachute in an opened position, while Fig. 4 shows it in a closed one.

In operation of the device, the motion of control lever 24 will change the tilt and angle of the main wings 14. The motion of the control lever 46 will revolve the rudder sections and keep them in any desired position. The depression of the pedals 49 will act as a means for moving the rudder sections individually. Upon landing, the release of cable 56 will permit the pivoted strip 17 to act as a brake. In case of an emergency, the rotation of the rod 63 will open the parachute and allow the flying machine to settle safely to the ground.

WVhile I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise construction herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is 1. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed.

2. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency. and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said main wings being formed with ridges and of curved shape to simulate the wings of a dragon fly.

3. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tllts, a rudder of two sectlons, means for simultaneously turnlng said rudder sections ,in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said main wings being fixed upon brackets at their inner ends and said brackets being pivotally mounted on the body constituting the pivotal mounting of the main wings.

4. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said main wings being fixed upon brackets at their inner ends and said brackets being pivotally mounted on the body constituting the pivotal mounting of the main wings, and means for simultaneously moving said brackets for constituting said means for simultaneously adjusting the main wmgs.

5. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said means for simultaneously adjusting the main wings comprising a pivoted lever, means for holding said pivoted lever in various positions, and linkage connecting said pivoted lever with brackets connected with the main wings and pivotally mounted on the body.

6. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally .mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sectlons, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions comprises U shaped brackets supporting said rudder, rods projecting from the brackets and rotatively mounted in the said body, pinions on said rods, a slide with rack teeth meshing with said pinions, another rack on said slide and meshing with a pinion fixed on a spindle supporting a bevel gear meshing with an arcuate bevel gear on a control pivoted lever.

7. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said means for selectively moving said rudder sections comprising foot pedals for each of the sections and acting against cables attached at one of their ends to the body and at their other ends to the sections.

8. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultane ously adjusting said main wings to various tllts, a rudder of two sectlons, means for slmultaneously turning sald rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively movlng sald rudder sectlons, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition comprising a pivoted yoke for holding said pivoted strips, and cables connected with said yoke to move the yoke to release the strip.

9. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, said automatic expandible parachute comprising pivotally mounted ribs, springs urging these ribs into extended positions, a parachute sail fixed on said ribs, and means for holding said ribs and parachute sail in a folded condition.

10. A flying machine, comprising a body with a motor driven propeller and a landing gear, a plurality of main wings pivotally mounted on said body, means for simultaneously adjusting said main wings to various tilts, a rudder of two sections, means for simultaneously turning said rudder sections in various directions, means for selectively moving said rudder sections, a pivoted strip urged downwards to scrape along the ground and act as a brake, means for releasably holding said brake in an inoperative condition, an automatic expandible parachute for use in emergency, and means for holding the parachute collapsed, comprising a movable catch engageable with one end of a rod extended across doors closing a compartment housing said parachute in a folded condition.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

JUAN DE JESUS SANTOS. 

